#4 Collocation

1. tabloid   (n.) 
    a newspaper with small pages (usually half the size of those in larger papers)
    tabloid ＋ report
    The tabloid reports that they met on Twitter and exchanged some flirty private messages and texts.


2. breach  (n.) 
    an act of breaking a law, promise, agreement, or relationship
    security ＋ breach
    There have been serious security breaches.

3. leak  (v.) 
    (of a liquid or gas) to escape from a hole or crack in a pipe or container
    leak ＋ out
    Oil leaked out of the car.

4. scapegoat  (n.) 
    a person who is blamed for something that someone else has done
    make ＋ scapegoat
    The captain was made a scapegoat for the team's failure.

5. scandal  (n.) 
    reports about actions or events that cause shock and disapproval
    scandal ＋ broke
    The scandal broke on the front pages of all the papers the next day.

#3 Collocation

Early Life
Stephen Hawking was born in Oxford, England on January 8, 1942. He grew up in a highly educated family. Both of his parents had attended Oxford University and his father, Frank, was a medical researcher.

Stephen enjoyed math and science in school where he earned the nickname "Einstein." He wanted to study math at university but Oxford didn't have a math degree at the time so he chose physics and chemistry instead. Stephen found college coursework to be very easy. He enjoyed being a member of the school's boat club as well as classical music. After graduation, he went to Cambridge to study for his Ph.D.

Diagnosed with ALS
While Hawking was working on his Ph.D. at Cambridge University, he began to have health issues. His speech became slurred and he became very clumsy, often dropping items or falling for no reason. After going through a series of tests, doctors discovered that Hawking had a disease called ALS (also called Lou Gehrig's disease). At the time, the doctors said he only had a few years to live.

Overcoming ALS
Although Hawking was initially depressed over his diagnosis, he decided that there were things he wanted to accomplish with his life. He began to study and work harder than ever before. He wanted to earn his Ph.D. before he died. Around the same time, he met and fell in love with a girl named Jane Wilde. Between his work and Jane, Hawking had a reason to live.

Despite the initial grim diagnosis from his doctors, Hawking has lived a full and productive life with the help of science and modern medicine. Although he is confined to a wheelchair and cannot talk, he can communicate using a touchpad computer and a voice synthesizer.

Black Holes and Hawking Radiation 
Stephen spent much of his academic work researching black holes and space-time theories. He wrote many important papers on the subject and became a noted expert on relativity and black holes. Perhaps his most famous discovery was when he demonstrated that black holes emit some radiation. Prior to this, it was thought that black holes could not get smaller because nothing could escape their enormous gravity. The radiation from black holes has become known as Hawking Radiation.

vocabulary	part-of-speech	collocation	example
grow	v.	grow + number	There is a growing number of businesses and individuals using Bitcoin.
nickname	n.	earn + nickname	These teams earned the nickname of "Headhunters".
health	n.	health + decline	His health has declined markedly in prison.
diagnosis	n.	delay + diagnosis	The cost and difficulty of screening and assessment can delay diagnosis.
know	v.	become+ know	In the last 60 years they have become better known to the general public.

NEWS ENGLISH

1. Eager        [adj.]         (synonym: keen)

     very interested and excited by something that is going to happen or about something               that you want to do

- eager for something   She is eager for (= wants very much to get) her parents' approval.- eager to do something   Everyone in the class seemed eager to learn.

2. Guarantee    [n.]         (synonym: assurance)

      a firm promise that you will do something or that something will happen

- guarantee (that...)   He gave me a guarantee that it would never happen again.- under guarantee   The watch is still under guarantee.

3. Seem    [linking v.]         (synonym: appear)

      to give the impression of being or doing something 

- seem(to somebody) (to be) something   Do whatever seems best to you.    used to make what you say about your thoughts, feelings o actions less strong- seem to do/ve/have something   I seem to have left my book at home.

      used to suggest that something is true when you are not certain or when you want to be polite

- seem(that)...   It would seem that we all agree. 

4. Prevention    [n.]        

      the act of stopping something bad from happening

  Accident prevention must be viewed as a priority.

5. Cruelty   [n.]        

      a behavior that causes pain or suffering to others, especially deliberately

- cruelty (to somebody/something) [uncountable]  The deliberate cruelty of his words cut her like a knife.

      a cruel action

- cruelty [countable]  Frightening cruelties were inflicted on child factory workers well into the 19th century.

My name is Sofia. I am an optimistic and easygoing person. Because I'm the only child, I love to make new friends at school and on the internet. At leisure, I enjoy listening to music and reading. Also, I like to learn something new, especially languages like Japanese and Spanish. My recent goal is to improve my English ability and third language skills so that I can acquire more knowledge.